The official release of the six supporting documents related to the power system reform indicates that the power reform work will enter a new stage of implementation. Deepening the power system reform is no longer just a grand blueprint drawn, but must begin to be transformed into real operations. Steps and specific actions. The six supporting documents have made arrangements and arrangements for promoting the reform of transmission and distribution prices, promoting the construction of the power market, the establishment and operation of power trading institutions, the orderly release and development of electricity consumption plans, promoting the reform of the sales side, and strengthening and standardizing the supervision and management of coal-fired self-provided power plants, which fully embodies the requirements of the opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on further deepening the Reform of the Electric Power system (Zhongfa [2015] No. 9). Generally speaking, the promulgation of supporting documents closely combines the key breakthroughs and overall promotion of the power system reform, adheres to the key points and difficulties of the specific reforms, and pays attention to the coordination and comprehensive supporting of the overall reform, which has laid a solid operational foundation for the implementation of Zhongfa No. 9 document. It can be said that the introduction of supporting documents is full of new ideas and bright spots.

Highlight one: fully reflects the comprehensive coordination of power reform

Adhering to the comprehensive supporting coordination of reforms is a prominent feature of Zhongfa No. 9 throughout. The reform of the power system is regarded as a systematic project, and all links are linked together. According to the market system framework of regulating the middle and liberalizing the two ends, the No.9 document has made a comprehensive design for the improvement of electricity from the perspective of the government and the market, which fully reflects the unity and integrity of the reform, and not only defines the tasks to be reformed at the government level, such as electricity price mechanism, power generation and consumption plan management, power supervision, planning and so on, it also clarifies the specific requirements of market construction such as the liberalization of power distribution business and the establishment of trading institutions at the market level. The general direction is to focus on building a diversified, competitive and orderly power trading pattern, so that the market plays a decisive role in the allocation of power resources.

Under the overall design of Zhongfa No.9 document, the six supporting documents have been carefully arranged and deployed from the aspects of electricity price, plan, market, electricity sales and transaction. From the operational point of view, the special reform has been carefully designed, emphasizing the key points and difficulties that need to be broken through in each special reform task; from the way of promoting the reform, it is clear that the reform pilot should focus on different priorities, while the contents of each pilot should be unified and promoted as a whole. These six supporting documents unify the individual and the whole, emphasize the strengthening of comprehensive supporting coordination, fully reflect the systematicness, integrity and coordination of this power reform, and are the practical implementation and concrete embodiment of Zhongfa No. 9 document.

Highlight two: fully reflects the power system reform to ensure that the risk can be controlled

Deepening the reform of the power system echoes the reform demands of all sectors of society and the expectations of the people. This reform is directly related to economic development, people's lives and social stability. The reform involves a wide range of areas, has great influence, and the situation is very complex. It has certain sensitivity and risk, and it is difficult to tackle tough problems. Therefore, Zhongfa No. 9 clearly states that "it is necessary to strengthen organizational leadership, mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties in accordance with the requirements of overall design, key breakthroughs, step-by-step implementation, orderly progress, and pilot first, and ensure that the reform is standardized and orderly and steadily advanced." to ensure that the risk of the whole reform process is controllable.

Under the unified leadership mechanism of the electric power system reform working group, this supporting document defines the main responsible departments and main responsibilities of each special reform task, and puts the leading units and responsible departments of the reform matters in place. At the same time, in order to ensure the smooth progress of the reform, it is further clarified that the power reform should be promoted through the demonstration and driving role of the reform pilot, and the pilot content, pilot scope and pilot level should be considered as a whole, so as to gradually promote it at the social level on the basis of summing up the experience of the power reform pilot. Therefore, no matter from the perspective of organizational structure setting or pilot arrangement, the supporting documents fully reflect the requirements of Zhongfa No. 9 document, and strive to be standardized, orderly and stable, so as to ensure that the risk of power system reform is within the controllable range.

Highlight three: conducive to attracting social capital to accelerate the development of mixed ownership

The reform of the electric power system is an important part of the reform of state-owned enterprises and the focus and difficulty of the reform of monopoly industries. In accordance with the overall deployment of the reform of state-owned enterprises, it is an important and clear reform task to promote the reform of the power system through the development of mixed ownership. The introduction of supporting documents for power reform, especially the specific implementation of the two supporting documents to promote the reform of the sales side and the construction of the power market, will surely attract more social capital to participate in power construction in the power industry, and accelerate the development of mixed ownership economy in the power industry.

The introduction of the two documents to promote the reform of the electricity sales side and the construction of the electricity market has further clarified the significant role and significance of social capital participating in the reform of the electricity system and promoting market construction. On the power generation side, a clear price signal will be formed after the market-oriented reform, and power generation enterprises will be able to negotiate and trade electricity prices and electricity with users according to the supply and demand of the power market, changes in fuel costs and the characteristics of the power market. it solves the problem of long-standing institutional losses of power generation enterprises, so as to better guide private capital to invest on the power generation side. In terms of power grid companies, after their functional positioning is clear, the profit model is more transparent and the income is more stable, which is conducive to broadening the financing channels of power grid companies, thereby attracting private capital to invest in power grid construction, and also providing for the restructuring and listing of power grid companies and listing on the stock market. Possibility. On the electricity sales side, after the reform, private capital can invest or directly set up electricity sales companies, providing a new field for private capital to enter the power industry.

Highlight four: through the promotion of transmission and distribution price reform to speed up the rationalization of electricity price formation mechanism.

According to the institutional framework of "controlling the middle and liberalizing the two ends", Zhongfa No. 9 clearly wants to change the current electricity price management mode based on government pricing, and the scope of government pricing is mainly limited to important public utilities, public welfare services and natural monopoly links. Taking the reform of transmission and distribution prices as a breakthrough in price reform, the government mainly approves the transmission and distribution prices, and the transmission and distribution prices are gradually transitioned to the principle of "permitted costs plus reasonable benefits. Through the separate approval of power grid transmission and distribution prices, orderly liberalization of competitive links other than transmission and distribution of electricity prices, and gradually achieve the rationalization of electricity price formation mechanism.

The "Implementation Opinions on Promoting the Reform of Transmission and Distribution Prices" will gradually expand the scope of the pilot reform of transmission and distribution prices, earnestly carry out the calculation of transmission and distribution prices, promote cross-subsidy reforms by classification, and clarify the transmission and distribution price policies for direct power transactions during the transition period. Specific measures for this reform. These measures are highly targeted and grasp the key areas and important links in promoting the reform of transmission and distribution prices. on the whole, the content is specific, clear, operable, and has many bright spots. Taking the gradual expansion of the pilot scope of transmission and distribution price reform as an example, this measure proposes that the transmission and distribution price reform should adhere to the pilot first, be active and stable, further broaden the coverage of the pilot, clarify the steps of the pilot work, and strengthen the influence of the pilot. In terms of the scope of the pilot, in addition to Shenzhen, western Inner Mongolia, Anhui, Hubei, Ningxia, Yunnan, Guizhou and other pilot areas that have been included in the pilot scope of transmission and distribution price reform, all areas that carry out comprehensive pilot projects of power system reform are also directly included in the pilot scope of transmission and distribution price reform. At the same time, other regions with the conditions are encouraged to carry out pilot projects to cover the whole country as soon as possible. In terms of pilot steps, the pilot work is divided into four stages: investigation and investigation, formulation of pilot scheme, cost supervision and examination, approval of power grid permitted income and transmission and distribution price. The pilot work is carried out according to local conditions, and the pilot work is put into practice.

Highlight five: through the formation and standardized operation of power trading institutions to speed up the construction of the power market.

Independent trading institutions are the basis for the construction of the electricity market, and the establishment of independent trading institutions not only lays the foundation for the non-discriminatory opening of the power grid, but also provides a platform for fair trading in the market. Therefore, Zhongfa No. 9 will promote the relative independence of trading institutions and standardize operation as an important reform task in the construction of the power market. It clearly requires the establishment of relatively independent power trading institutions to form a fair and standardized market system, and promote the power trading system. Reform and improve the market-oriented trading mechanism.

The "Implementation Opinions on the Establishment and Standardized Operation of Electric Power Trading Institutions" further clarified the establishment of relatively independent trading institutions from the aspects of establishment, standardization, supervision, and organizational guarantee, and responded to the concerns of all sectors of society. In particular, it has made clear arrangements for the organization form and structure system of trading institutions expected by the public, and proposed that the company system with relative holding of power grid enterprises, subsidiary system of power grid enterprises, membership system and other organizational forms can be adopted. This is undoubtedly the concrete embodiment of Zhongfa No.9 document "separating the trading business originally undertaken by power grid enterprises from other businesses and realizing the relatively independent operation of trading institutions, the proposal of several organizational forms of trading institutions will certainly be conducive to the promotion of diversified pilot projects, full comparative competition, and will help to finally find a truly suitable for the characteristics of China's national conditions of the power trading organization form to explore the way. At the same time, the document clarifies the scope and level of trading institutions, and points out that relatively independent regional and provincial (regional, municipal) trading institutions should be established in an orderly manner. Regional trading institutions include Beijing Electric Power Trading Center established by State Grid Corporation of China and Guangzhou Electric Power Trading Center established by China Southern Power Grid Corporation of China, as well as other trading institutions serving the relevant regional power market, this makes the establishment of trading institutions clear and specific, which is conducive to accelerating the process of the establishment of trading institutions, and has strong operability.

In addition to the establishment of relatively independent power trading institutions, which is an important link in the construction of the market system, promoting the reform of the power trading system and improving the market-oriented trading mechanism are the overall arrangements for the construction of the power market. The Implementation Opinions on Promoting the Construction of the Power Market have made clear arrangements for promoting the construction of the power market from the aspects of construction objectives, main tasks, market subjects, market operation, credit system construction, organization and implementation, in particular, it is worth mentioning that in view of this overall arrangement, the document defines two specific implementation paths to promote the construction of the electricity market. In areas with the conditions to carry out pilot projects, a relatively complete power market, including medium-and long-term and in stock-term markets, can be built, experience can be summarized, mechanisms can be improved, varieties can be enriched, the scope of the pilot can be expanded as appropriate, and a power market system in line with national conditions can be gradually established. In non-pilot areas, market-oriented transactions will be carried out in accordance with the documents of the orderly development plan for electricity sales-side reform. In this way, by fully considering the regional characteristics, development stage, conditions and timing of reform, different reform paths are proposed, so that the construction of the power market system not only meets the practical requirements, but also has the feasibility of the operational level.

Highlight six: through the promotion of electricity sales side reform

Accelerating the formation of a market structure and market system for effective competition

The reform of the sales side is the focus of the new round of deepening the reform of the power system, and it is also a focus and hot spot that has attracted much attention from the society. The orderly liberalization of the distribution of electricity to social capital is a key reform task specified in Zhongfa No. 9. It is an important link in building a new power system structure that "liberalizes the two ends and control the middle. Therefore, in accordance with the requirements of Zhongfa No. 9, we should steadily promote the reform of the electricity sales side, open the electricity sales business to social capital, and cultivate the main body of competition in the electricity sales side market in various ways, which is conducive to accelerating the formation of an effective market structure and market system.

The "Implementation Opinions on Promoting the Reform of the Electricity Sales Side" has made specific arrangements and arrangements for this reform from the aspects of the market entities and related businesses on the electricity sales side, the entry and exit conditions of the entities, market-oriented transactions, credit system construction and risk prevention, and organization and implementation, and the reform direction is clear. In particular, the document divides power sales companies into three categories, including power sales companies of power grid enterprises, power sales companies with distribution network operation rights and independent power sales companies. It is clear that there can be multiple power sales companies in the same power supply business area, but only one company can have the right to operate the distribution network and provide guaranteed power supply services. Independent power sales companies do not have the right to operate the distribution network and do not undertake guaranteed power supply services. It is clear that power generation companies and other social capital can invest in the establishment of power sales companies. Users with distributed power generation, public service industries such as water supply, gas supply and heating, and energy-saving service companies can all engage in market-oriented electricity sales. The specific provisions of the document make it clear how the hanging social capital enters and how to enter the field of electricity sales. The entry of social capital becomes possible. At the same time, the electricity sales company can operate and land. This is a new round of power system A major breakthrough in reform is the biggest difficulty and highlight in this round of power reform.