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The General Institute of Electric Regulation interprets the new policy of energy storage and grid connection.
Focus on solving the problem of efficient use
Promote high-quality development of new energy storage
Recently, the National Energy Administration has made relevant arrangements to promote the grid connection and dispatching application of new energy storage, and issued the notice on promoting the grid connection and dispatching application of new energy storage (hereinafter referred to as the notice), aiming to further standardize the grid connection management, improve the dispatching mechanism, clarify the technical requirements, promote the new energy storage to play a better role in systematic regulation, and provide solid support for accelerating the construction of new power system.
(I) new energy storage is the key support technology for building a new power system
In addition to pumped storage, the new energy storage is an energy storage technology that takes the output of electricity as the main form and provides services to the outside world, which can play a variety of functions in the operation of the power system, such as peak regulation, frequency modulation, voltage regulation, backup, black start, inertia response and so on. Since the 14th Five-Year Plan, the National Energy Administration has attached great importance to the development of new energy storage, and has issued policy documents such as the Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Development of New Energy Storage and the Implementation Plan for the Development of New Energy Storage during the 14th Five-Year Plan to clarify the development direction of new energy storage and consolidate the policy foundation for the development of new energy storage. In recent years, with the rapid development of new energy, the scale of new energy storage installed capacity continues to grow rapidly. At present, the scale of new energy storage installed capacity in China has been ten times higher than that at the end of the 13th five year plan. At the same time, the new energy storage technology presents a diversified development trend, in addition to lithium-ion battery energy storage, compressed air energy storage, liquid flow battery, flywheel energy storage projects have started construction, gravity energy storage, carbon dioxide energy storage and other new technologies to accelerate the demonstration application. Overall, the development of new energy storage is gradually moving from the initial stage of commercialization to the stage of large-scale development.
It is of great significance to promote the rational and efficient use of new energy storage in (II)
In 2024, the government work report put forward the "development of new energy storage", and the new energy storage was written into the government work report for the first time. The status of new energy storage as the "new kinetic energy" to promote China's economic development has been widely recognized. By the end of 2023, the country's new energy storage installed scale reached 31.39 million kilowatts, an increase of more than 260 percent over the end of 2022, of which the power side, grid side energy storage installed scale accounted for more than 90 percent. At the same time of rapid development, the utilization of some new energy storage is not as expected, especially the new energy side configuration of the new energy storage, the equivalent average daily charge and discharge times is only about 0.3 times, in the power system regulation role has not been fully played. The reasons are as follows: first, most regions adopt new energy allocation and energy storage methods, and the new energy storage layout and system regulation requirements are not fully matched; second, the grid connection and access standards of new energy storage in some regions are not clear, and the scheduling and application mechanism is not clear, which affects the scheduling and utilization level of new energy storage; third, there are fuzzy areas in the requirements and scope of new energy storage scheduling, some new energy construction energy storage does not have the technical conditions to accept scheduling, scheduling authority is not clear and so on.
Under the new situation, the promulgation of the notice has important practical significance. As an important guiding document for the use of new energy storage dispatching at present and for a period of time in the future, the notice adheres to the parallel management requirements and technical requirements, strengthens coordination and guarantee, and will effectively promote the scientific and rational use of new energy storage, stimulate the initiative and enthusiasm of new energy storage to participate in the power market and power grid dispatching, and guide the high-quality development of new energy storage.
(I) Reasonably Define the Dispatching Scope of New Energy Storage
Clarifying the scope of the new energy storage acceptance scheduling is the premise of its efficient grid connection and scheduling. For the first time, the Notice divides the energy storage that accepts power system dispatch into new energy storage for dispatch and new energy storage for power station self-use, providing guidance on the scope of authority and responsibility for the power dispatch agency to call new energy storage. The above two types of new energy storage need to sign a dispatching agreement. Among them, the dispatching and calling of new energy storage is directly dispatched by the power dispatching organization, which must have independent metering devices and operate according to the results of the power market clearing or the instructions of the power dispatching organization. Such energy storage includes independent energy storage power stations, new energy distribution and construction energy storage with independent operation conditions, etc. The new energy storage for power station's own use is jointly operated with power generation enterprises and users, and have the ability to accept the power dispatch agency scheduling, usually by power generation enterprises, users, etc. according to their own needs to arrange operation, including not independent operation of new energy with the construction of energy storage, thermal power joint FM energy storage, as well as some with the ability to accept the dispatch of the user side energy storage. In addition, the energy storage on the small user side and the energy storage in the island operation system are not within the scheduling scope of the power dispatching mechanism.
Technical requirements for new energy storage grid connection in (II) specification
Scientific and standardized access to the power grid is the basic condition for the safe and reliable operation of the new energy storage. The "Notice" clearly stated that "the new energy storage access system should meet the requirements for safe and stable operation of the power system, complete the corresponding performance tests and network-related tests, and the new energy storage equipment should meet the relevant requirements of national and industry technical standards and management specifications to ensure safe and stable operation". The new energy storage has been put into operation on a large scale in the past two years, and the construction forms are various, and there are differences in the technical requirements of the power grid in carrying out the new energy storage grid access work, which in some cases leads to the utilization of the new energy storage is not as expected. At the policy level, the notice emphasizes the technical requirements for the new energy storage grid connection, which is conducive to improving the standardization of the new energy storage network-related test and grid connection acceptance. In addition, the "Notice" proposed that "power grid enterprises and power dispatching agencies must formulate new energy storage grid-connected rules and grid-connected service guidelines, etc., to clarify the grid-connected process, relevant standards and network-related test requirements", laying the foundation for the safe and efficient grid-connected of new energy storage.
(III) Provide Technical Guidance for New Energy Storage Scheduling Operation
Efficient dispatching operation technology is an important guarantee to improve the utilization level of new energy storage. On the one hand, the Notice details the technical requirements for the dispatching operation of the new energy storage system. "The new energy storage system shall be equipped with a power control system or a coordinated control system. All new energy storage systems within the scope of the regulation shall have the ability to automatically adjust active power and reactive power according to the dispatching instructions, and shall be connected to AGC, AVC and other systems of the power dispatching organization". On the other hand, the notice "encourages the stock of new energy storage to carry out technical transformation, with the ability to accept dispatching instructions", for some of the current underutilized new energy storage power stations pointed out the direction of upgrading, and put forward "to meet the corresponding technical conditions, the power dispatching agency should carry out the new energy storage grid connection and scheduling work in a timely manner". In addition, the Notice also clearly proposes to strengthen the guidance of new energy storage intelligent regulation through technological innovation, encourage new energy storage and other power supply collaborative optimization scheduling technology, large-scale energy storage system cluster intelligent scheduling technology, distributed energy storage virtual power plant aggregation interactive regulation technology and other technical research, strengthen the exploration of new energy storage scheduling operation technology.
(I) Strengthen the Operation and Management of New Energy Storage
Refining the assessment requirements is an effective means to guide the new energy storage to play a role. Previously, in the early stage of large-scale construction of new energy storage, the new energy storage operation assessment requirements and compensation mechanism are not clear, which has also become one of the reasons affecting the level of its call. With the revision of the "two rules" around the country, some areas have begun to put forward relevant assessment requirements for the new energy storage as the main body of the grid. The Circular emphasizes that "when formulating power market rules or detailed rules for the implementation of power auxiliary service management and detailed rules for the implementation of power grid connected operation management, all localities should clarify and refine the assessment and implementation rules for all kinds of energy storage", which will provide support for the subsequent improvement of the new energy storage supporting assessment rules, and will further clarify the new energy storage operation compensation mechanism and related cost sharing mechanism, and effectively promote the rational use of new energy storage.
(II) optimization of new energy storage scheduling operation mode
Optimizing the operation mode is an important measure to promote the scientific utilization of new energy storage. The "Notice" clearly requires the power dispatching agency to formulate new energy storage dispatching operation procedures, fair use of new energy storage adjustment resources, and fully consider the progress of power market construction in various regions, as well as the safe and stable operation requirements of the power system. For the new energy storage participating in the power market, the new energy storage operation shall be arranged according to the market clearance results, and for the new energy storage that does not have the conditions to participate in the power market, the scheduling operation mode shall be scientifically arranged in combination with the operation demand of the power grid. The "Notice" specifically pointed out that in the case of power system safety accidents, the power dispatching agency can give priority to the unified direct call of all new energy storage within the scope of the transfer management, improve the adjustment ability of the power grid in emergency situations, and provide support for the safe and stable operation of the power system.
(III) promotes new energy storage calls in a market-oriented manner
Market-oriented means are powerful measures to enhance the enthusiasm of new energy storage utilization. From the current utilization of new energy storage, in areas that can fully participate in the power market, the utilization of grid-side energy storage is significantly higher than other regions, and the average daily equivalent number of independent energy storage in Shandong and other places reaches about 0.8 times. With the advancement of power market construction, more flexible and effective market-oriented means can further enhance the enthusiasm of new energy storage utilization and release the potential of regulation. The Notice clearly states that "accelerating the improvement of the new energy storage participation in the electric energy market and the relevant rules of the auxiliary service market, enriching the trading varieties" will better promote the new energy storage to achieve the goal of "one multi-use, time-sharing reuse. The "Notice" also proposes to "further enrich the market-oriented business model of new energy storage" to provide reference for localities to actively explore new energy storage capacity leasing, capacity compensation and the formation of relevant price mechanisms in a market-oriented manner.
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