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Biomass energy is expected to become the main force of green transformation
Biomass energy is the only new energy that can be converted into a variety of energy products. It directly improves the environment by treating waste. It is an important part of the development of circular economy. It has attracted much attention for its obvious comprehensive benefits.
Looking around the world, biomass energy plays an important role in dealing with global climate change, the contradiction between energy supply and demand, and protecting the ecological environment. It is the fourth largest energy source in the world after oil, coal and natural gas, and has become an important force in the international energy transformation.
"Biomass energy has the characteristics of a wide range of sources, diverse utilization methods, and diversified products. It can be used to generate electricity, and it can also produce a variety of energy products such as liquid fuel, gas, heat, and solid fuel. It has huge room for development." Shandong Province biomass direct combustion power generation engineering technology research center senior engineer Gai Dongfei said.
In the past five years, my country's biomass energy industry has developed rapidly, the scale of development and utilization has continued to expand, and biomass power generation and liquid fuels have formed a certain scale. At the same time, the development of biomass briquette fuel and bio-natural gas has started, showing a good momentum. The reporter noted that in the past five years, the Ministry of science and technology "on the list" of technological innovation projects in the field of biomass energy have been reported frequently. Biomass energy plays an increasingly prominent role in the process of energy transformation in China.
Breakthrough in Research and Development and Application of Biomass Low Energy Consumption Solid Molding Fuel Equipment
On August 1, 2013, the Ministry of Science and Technology announced that the overall implementation of the "Twelfth Five-Year" National Science and Technology Support Program Project "Research and Development and Application of Biomass Low Energy Solid Forming Fuel Equipment" organized by the State Forestry Administration is progressing smoothly and has achieved phased results. Results.
The project develops selective medium and low temperature heat treatment technology of biomass, and innovatively proposes the process technology of using titanium-based solid super acid to catalyze the pyrolysis of cellulose/biomass co-production LGO and molding fuel. Developed the key components of split new pressure roller molding equipment, new internal closed circulation oil-cooled biomass pellet molding machine, low energy consumption biomass atmospheric pressure dense molding equipment, etc.; carried out the integration of solid molding fuel production technology, the efficient, scientific and orderly raw material storage mode, industrial clean production mode and industrial development mode of large-scale production of molding fuel were established, and the life cycle energy consumption and environmental emission analysis model of molding fuel was established for the first time.
It is worth mentioning that the results of the project have been achieved large-scale promotion and application. According to the person in charge of the project, "the biomass civilian cooking stoves and biomass civilian cooking heating dual-purpose stoves developed by the project have been promoted to more than 1,000 units, which can directly replace coal for cooking and heating in rural households, effectively improving the atmosphere in rural areas. The environment has solved the problems of high energy consumption and energy shortage in some rural areas." Obviously, this is of great benefit to the realization of clean heating.
According to another introduction, the new biomass briquette fuel machine and system equipment developed by the project have been popularized and applied in Wuwei County, Anhui Province, and two new straw briquette fuel processing sites have been built to supply the biomass briquette fuel combustion power generation project of China Salt Red Sifang Company.
Master the direct combustion power generation and supporting technology of large-scale biomass circulating fluidized bed
According to data from the Ministry of Science and Technology, on March 26, 2015, the "Key Technologies and Demonstration of Biomass Direct Combustion Power Generation" in the "Twelfth Five-Year" National Science and Technology Support Program Project "Advanced Biomass Power Generation Technology Demonstration" in Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province Passed the acceptance smoothly.
The reporter learned that the subject focused on several bottleneck technologies encountered in the process of large-scale advanced biomass direct combustion power generation in China, and deeply studied the combustion characteristics of typical biomass fuels in China, the characteristics of ash composition, the law of fluidized combustion and the main influencing factors, systematically analyzed and proposed the construction method and evaluation optimization method of the general logic model of the raw material collection, storage and transportation system of biomass power plants, and optimized the existing fluidized biomass combustion process, on this basis, the project demonstration of China's first single unit and the largest total installed capacity of 2 × 50 MW circulating fluidized bed biomass advanced combustion power generation project was completed.
The actual operation results of the project show that the annual utilization hours of the unit are more than 7000 hours, the thermal efficiency of the boiler is higher than 91%, and it has good adaptability to the typical biomass fuel in China, and the relevant indicators have reached the domestic leading position.
"This indicates that China has mastered the large-scale biomass circulating fluidized bed direct combustion power generation and supporting technology with independent intellectual property rights, which is of great significance to the development of biomass combustion power generation technology in China." The project leader stressed.
Further expand the application field of biomass energy
In addition to biomass power generation and biomass briquette fuel, how to further expand the application field of biomass energy has become an urgent issue for researchers. On December 13 this year, the acceptance news of the "Twelfth Five-Year" National 863 Plan Project "Key Technologies and Demonstration of Biomass Clean Fuel" project came from the Ministry of Science and Technology, which provided new ideas for solving the above problems.
It is reported that the project is led by Southeast University and jointly undertaken by Henan Academy of Sciences Energy Research Institute Co., Ltd., University of Science and Technology of China and other units. The project aims to prepare liquid fuels by thermochemical conversion of biomass, chemical catalysis and other methods, break through key core technologies such as product purification, large-scale production and operation verification of liquid products in power plants, open up process routes, improve conversion efficiency, develop high-efficiency and low-energy production devices, and form several large-scale demonstration projects for preparing liquid fuels from biomass, laying a technical foundation for further expanding the application field of biomass energy in China.
"After three years of research, the project has achieved fruitful results." The person in charge of the project said, "For example, a pilot plant for preparing oxygenated liquid fuel by hydrogenation of 1,000-ton bio-oil has been developed, and the prepared oxygenated liquid fuel can be mixed with gasoline and diesel. A 100-ton pilot plant for preparing fuel oil from bio-oil has been built, with an oil conversion rate of 95.3. A 1000-ton/year pilot plant for the hydrolysis of ethyl levulinate and furfural production from biomass has been established, forming a 3000-ton production process package, completed a series of biomass diesel alternative fuel formulation design and production."
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