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New energy storage enters large-scale development period
Dalianall vanadium redox flow batteryBattery containers for energy storage peaking power stations.
Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
This year's "government work report" proposes to strengthen the construction of large-scale wind power photovoltaic bases and transmission channels, promote the development and utilization of distributed energy, improve the ability of the power grid to accept, allocate and regulate clean energy, develop new energy storage, promote the use of green power and international mutual recognition, give full play to the role of coal and coal power, and ensure the energy demand for economic and social development. This is the first time that China has written "the development of new energy storage" into the government work report.
In recent years, with the sustained and rapid growth of the scale of new energy power generation in China, the new energy storage has entered a large-scale development period. Since the "14th Five-Year Plan", the newly added new energy storage installed capacity has directly promoted economic investment of more than 100 billion yuan, strongly supporting the development of energy and electricity, and has become a new driving force for China's economic development.
The scale of new installed capacity has increased significantly, and the new energy storage has ushered in a golden period of rapid development.
In October 2022, the all-vanadium redox flow battery energy storage technology independently developed by the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, blossomed in Dalian, Liaoning Province-the first phase of the Dalian all-vanadium redox flow battery energy storage peak power station built on this technology Officially connected to the grid for power generation.
"At present, the first phase of the power station project can store up to 400000 kilowatt-hours of electricity. Based on the daily per capita electricity consumption of 2 kilowatt-hours of Chinese residents, it can meet the daily electricity demand of 200000 residents." According to researcher Li Xianfeng, deputy director of the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, after the power station is completed, it can store 800000 degrees of electricity at a time.
Dalian all vanadium redox flow battery energy storage peak power station is a microcosm of China's active development of new energy storage technology application scenarios, promoting the development of new energy storage industry, and accelerating the construction of a new energy system.
To speed up the construction of a new energy system, energy storage plays an important role.
Chen Haisheng, director of the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and chairman of the Energy Storage Committee of the China Energy Research Society, said: "Energy storage is a process of storing energy in some form and releasing it when needed. Its most important role is to solve the mismatch between energy production and demand in time, space and intensity."
In recent years, with the rapid development of new energy sources such as wind energy and solar energy, the impact of intermittent and volatility on power grid security has become more and more prominent. "It is necessary to build an energy storage system to ensure the safety of energy and the stable operation of the energy system." Chen Haisheng said that energy storage is like a "charging treasure", which can store surplus electric energy from new energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics and discharge it at peak power consumption. "This can not only promote the development and consumption of large-scale wind power, photovoltaics and other new energy sources, but also provide auxiliary services such as peak shaving and frequency modulation for the operation of the power system, and improve the flexibility of the power system." He said.
Energy storage is divided into traditional energy storage and new energy storage. Traditional energy storage mainly includes pumped storage, and new energy storage includes lithium-ion batteries, flow batteries, compressed air energy storage, flywheel energy storage, etc. Chen Haisheng told reporters that compared with traditional energy storage, the new energy storage has the characteristics of short construction period, flexible site selection, strong adjustment ability and fast response.
Experts interviewed said that as China accelerates the construction of a new power system with new energy as the main body, new energy storage technology diversified development, accelerated iteration, application scenarios continue to expand, new energy storage from pilot demonstration to large-scale commercial, ushering in the golden period of rapid development.
According to data from the National Energy Administration, as of the end of 2023, the cumulative installed capacity of new energy storage projects across the country has reached 31.39 million kW/66.87 million kWh, with an average energy storage duration of 2.1 hours. The new installed capacity in 2023 is about 22.6 million kW/48.7 million kWh, an increase of more than 260 percent from the end of 2022.
With the continuous advancement of technology, the construction and operating costs of energy storage systems will gradually decrease, which will better support the construction of new energy systems.
FromCharging and swapping stationBehind the rapid development of new energy storage and the continuous expansion of application scenarios, it is inseparable from the strong support of new technologies.
In Feicheng, Shandong Province, the world's first 300 MW advanced compressed air energy storage national demonstration project has completed the main construction, is carrying out system integration and commissioning work. The project relies on the advanced compressed air energy storage technology independently developed by the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. After completion, it is expected to become a new type of compressed air energy storage power station with the largest single-machine scale and best performance in the world.
Discipline, general manager of China Storage National Energy (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., hatched by the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said: "The advanced compressed air energy storage technology we have developed can simultaneously solve the main technical bottlenecks of traditional compressed air energy storage relying on large gas storage caves, fossil fuels and low system efficiency. R & D Team Breaks 1 to 300 MW Levelcompressed air energy storage systemCore key technology, with completely independent intellectual property rights."
In Shenzhen, Guangdong, Guangdong Energy Groupsemi-solid-state batteryEnergy storage demonstration projects are accelerating. The semi-solid battery energy storage equipment used in this project comes from the solid-state battery technology industrialization platform of the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences-Beijing Weilan New Energy Technology Co., Ltd.
Under the leadership of Academician Chen Liquan, the R & D team of the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has been studying solid-state batteries since the 1970 s. Li Hong, a researcher at the institute, said: "The lithium iron phosphate solid-state energy storage battery developed by our team has a higher safety level and a longer cycle. The current number of cycles can reach 6000 to 10000."
According to experts, at present, China's lithium-ion battery, compressed air energy storage and other technologies have reached the international leading level. With the continuous progress of science and technology, the future energy storage technology will develop in the direction of diversification, large-scale and high efficiency.
Chen Haisheng believes that in the future, long-term scale energy storage and grid-type energy storage technologies will attract much attention, and various technologies such as battery energy storage, super capacitor and compressed air energy storage will accelerate the integration. With the continuous advancement of technology, the construction and operating costs of energy storage systems will gradually decrease to better support the construction of new energy systems.
"The new energy storage technology will also be deeply integrated with artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, etc., to achieve more efficient and smarter energy storage and utilization." Li Hong said.
Further improve the new energy storage technology and optimize the market environment
In recent years, China has issued a series of relevant policies to promote and encourage the development and construction of energy storage projects. The "14th Five-Year Plan" and the outline of the 2035 long-term goal proposed to accelerate the construction of pumped storage power stations and the large-scale application of new energy storage technologies. In January 2022, the "14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of New Energy Storage" jointly issued by the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration proposed that by 2025, the new energy storage will enter the stage of large-scale development from the initial stage of commercialization. Conditions for large-scale commercial application; by 2030, the new energy storage will be fully market-oriented.
Accelerating the development of new energy storage scale, industrialization and marketization has become the consensus of the industry. Chen Haisheng believes that the installed capacity of energy storage will continue to grow rapidly in 2024, and it is expected that more than 40 GW of new installed capacity will be added throughout the year, and China's energy storage will realize a substantial transformation from the initial stage of commercialization to large-scale development.
The interviewed experts pointed out that it is necessary to further promote the high-quality development of the energy storage industry from the aspects of improving the technical level, improving the market mechanism, improving safety prevention and control, and reducing application costs.
At present, in addition to lithium-ion batteries, liquid flow batteries, compressed air energy storage, flywheel energy storage and other technologies are relatively mature, other new energy storage technology routes are still in the demonstration and verification stage, the technology maturity is not high, and the operation experience of the project is less. Experts said that it is necessary to seize the time window, verify the economic feasibility of the technical route through a series of demonstration projects, and focus on the difficulties and pain points of the industry development to jointly organize research and accelerate breakthroughs in safe and reliable, high system efficiency, and convenient operation and maintenance. Intelligent core technology.
Energy storage industry has a high degree of price sensitivity, at present, China's new energy storage market has not yet formed a stable income model, low profit level, difficult to form a reasonable cost relief mechanism is the problem of the development of new energy storage.
Chen Haisheng said that for energy storage into the power system, to establish a more reasonable price mechanism and market environment. "We should measure the value of energy storage from a global perspective, uphold the principle of'who benefits, who bears, 'and establish a reasonable energy storage price mechanism shared by power generation, power grids, and users."
Yu Huigen, chairman of Beijing Weilan New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., believes that it is necessary to improve the performance and quality of energy storage products, and establish and improve hierarchical and quantitative national standards and industry standards as soon as possible.
Respondents said that with the rapid development of technology and the improvement of related policies, the new energy storage will provide stronger new momentum for accelerating the construction of a new energy system and developing new quality productivity.
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