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Decentralization of Approval Power to Promote Rapid Growth of Biomass Power Generation to 23.34 million kW by 2020
The defeat of the 12th Five Year Plan for biomass power generation has made many people question the 13th five year plan for biomass energy development. By means of policy guidance and decentralization of approval authority, the original installed capacity of 15 million kilowatts of biomass has been completed by 12.14 million kilowatts by the end of 2016.
On July 28, the National Energy Administration issued the "Guiding Opinions on the Implementation of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for Renewable Energy Development" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"), and at the same time issued the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for Biomass Power Generation" (Hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"), clarifying issues such as the direction of government expenditure on biomass power generation during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period. The "Plan" shows that by 2020, my country's 31 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) will have a total of 23.34 million kilowatts of biomass power generation in line with the national renewable energy fund support policy, which is 155.6 of the original "13th Five-Year Plan" target.
Than the "13th Five-Year Plan" target growth of 55.6
Biomass power generation with comprehensive economic, ecological and social benefits is an important part of renewable energy. According to the ''2016 National Biomass Power Generation Monitoring and Evaluation Report'' recently released by the National Energy Administration, as of the end of 2016, the national biomass power generation grid-connected installed capacity was 12.14 million kilowatts (excluding self-provided power plants), accounting for 0.7 of the national power installed capacity.%, accounting for 2.1 of the installed capacity of renewable energy power generation, accounting for 5.1 of the installed capacity of non-aqueous renewable energy power generation. The national biomass power generation reached 64.7 billion kWh, accounting for 1.1 per cent of the country's total power generation, 4.2 per cent of renewable energy generation, and 17.4 per cent of non-aqueous renewable energy generation.
According to the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for Biomass Energy Development", my country plans to install 15 million kilowatts of biomass power generation by 2020, and the "Plan" clarifies that by 2020, my country's 31 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) will comply with the national The scale of biomass power generation supported by the renewable energy fund will total 23.34 million kilowatts, an increase of 55.6 percent over the "13th Five-Year Plan" target.
"From the perspective of the existing installed capacity, the installed capacity of 15 million kilowatts of biomass power generation in the 13th five year plan is a very practical goal." Dou Kejun, a researcher at the Industrial Development Department of the National Renewable Energy Center, believes that the installed capacity of biomass power generation has exceeded 12 million kilowatts by the end of 2016, so it seems that the target of 15 million kilowatts is not high, which is also the main reason for the planning adjustment.
The "Opinions" issued the "13th Five-Year Plan" layout scale of biomass power generation (mainly including agricultural and forestry biomass power generation and waste incineration power generation) at one time, and required the energy authorities of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) to organize the development according to the planning layout The project approval work shall be reported to the project approval and construction operation of the previous year before the end of February each year.
Dou Kejun particularly emphasized this reporting mechanism, "This is the main reason for the substantial increase in scale." Dou Kejun said that the strict reporting system shows the decentralization of approval authority. At the beginning of 2015, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the ''Notice on Strengthening and Regulating the Management of Biomass Power Generation Projects', which clarified that agricultural and forestry biomass power generation non-heating projects are approved by the provincial government; agricultural and forestry biomass cogeneration projects, urban domestic waste The incineration power generation project is approved by the local government, which further devolves the approval power of biomass power generation projects.
"For now, the electricity price for biomass power generation is the highest among renewable energy sources, which is also a factor leading to the expected increase in project scale." Dou Kejun believes that from a local point of view, they all hope to achieve local interests and development through projects, and biomass power generation, which is strongly supported by the state, has a large scale of investment and high on-grid electricity prices, has become a hot topic.
Last year, China's biomass power generation replaced 20.3 million tons of standard coal
The decentralization of examination and approval authority has led to the rapid development of the scale of biomass power generation. At the same time, relevant departments will strictly control the type of projects and promote biomass cogeneration projects. The "Plan" clearly plans 23.34 million kilowatts of biomass power generation projects, namely 13.12 million kilowatts of agricultural and forestry biomass cogeneration and 10.22 million kilowatts of waste incineration cogeneration projects. The "Opinions" also proposed to vigorously promote agricultural and forestry biomass cogeneration, and strictly control projects that only generate electricity but not heat.
"The combined efficiency of cogeneration is higher than that of direct combustion power generation, which can make better use of resources." Dou Kejun said that biomass power cogeneration is conducive to improving the environment in heating areas and effectively replacing coal.
The 13th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Biomass Energy focuses on actively promoting the application of biomass briquette fuel in commercial facilities and residential heating. It is required to speed up the construction of large-scale advanced low-emission biomass briquette fuel boiler heating project.
The "Opinions" clearly, according to local conditions to promote the construction of urban household waste incineration cogeneration project. The agricultural and forestry biomass cogeneration is regarded as an important clean heating method in the county, providing clean heating for the county and rural areas, providing clean industrial steam for industrial parks and enterprises, and directly replacing the county's internal combustion coal boiler and loose coal utilization.
In recent years, biomass power generation has brought significant environmental benefits. According to the 2016 National Biomass Power Generation Monitoring and Evaluation report, in 2016, China's biomass power generation replaced a total of 20.3 million tons of standard coal, reducing carbon dioxide emissions by about 53.4 million tons. Agricultural and forestry biomass power generation handles a total of about 45.7 million tons of agricultural and forestry residues; waste incineration power generation handles a total of about 104.5 million tons of urban domestic waste, accounting for about 37.3 per cent of the country's waste removal.
In fact, the raw material of biomass fuel is mainly agricultural and forestry waste, which can not only directly replace coal-fired power generation and heating to reduce pollutant emissions, but also reduce the direct pollution caused by the incineration of agricultural and forestry waste from the raw material side.
It is understood that China is rich in biomass resources and has great potential for energy utilization. The total amount of biomass resources such as crop straw and agricultural product processing residues, forestry residues and energy crops, domestic waste and organic waste that can be used as energy in the country is about 0.46 billion tons of standard coal per year.
Development of biomass power generation still needs policy guidance and support
Although the available amount is very high, due to the low density and large volume of fuels such as agricultural and forestry wastes, there are problems of strong seasonality and difficulties in collection and transportation. The purchase of raw materials has become an important factor restricting the large-scale development of biomass power generation. In addition, raw materials are scattered in the vast rural areas, collection, storage and transportation costs are expensive, and labor costs are rising, resulting in high costs.
"The problem of raw materials is a big problem and an old problem." Dou Kejun said that the problem of "insufficient food" for biomass power generation companies cannot be solved overnight. It is mentioned in the outline of the National Innovation-driven Development Strategy that the state should develop ecological, green, efficient and safe modern agricultural technology, promote agricultural mechanization and large-scale development, which is conducive to the large-scale acquisition of raw materials in the biomass power generation industry and reduce transportation costs. at the same time, it also helps to alleviate the contradiction between the seasonality and dispersion of biomass resources and the continuity and concentration of biomass energy utilization.
Due to problems such as raw material transportation, coupled with the current average unit cost of biomass power generation of more than 10000 yuan per kilowatt, under the current technical level and policy environment, the cost of biomass energy development and utilization is high, excluding fiscal and tax subsidies, land concessions, and electricity price policies., Most biomass power generation companies are still at a loss.
"In the economically developed areas of eastern my country, the local government pays a higher price for waste disposal, so it is favored by waste incineration power generation investment companies. However, due to the lack of unified planning, resource competition has appeared in some areas, which has led to the problem of operating companies' lack of food." Dou Kejun said that these problems, coupled with the characteristics of scattered resources, small scale, and discontinuous production, from the analysis of the overall situation of the industry, my country's biomass power generation and biomass fuel industry is still in a period of policy guidance and support.
Prior to this, the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for Biomass Energy Development" clearly incorporated the utilization of biomass energy into the national energy, environmental protection, and agricultural strategies, and coordinated advancement to give full play to the comprehensive benefits of biomass energy. And establish a priority utilization mechanism for biomass energy, increase support, and guide local governments to introduce measures to support other biomass power generation methods besides existing policies.
The Opinions make it clear in terms of financial subsidies that energy authorities at all levels organize the construction of renewable energy power in the region. In addition to considering grid access and market consumption guarantees, they should also consider the additional collection of local renewable energy electricity prices and other Factors such as the source of subsidy funds. The Opinions also encourage local governments at all levels to raise funds through multiple channels to support the development of renewable energy. At the same time, the energy authorities at all levels and the dispatched energy regulatory agencies are required to monitor and evaluate the settlement of electricity bills for biomass power generation projects, the availability of subsidy funds, and the operating conditions of enterprises, and release information to the society in a timely manner to remind enterprises of investment and operation risks, and reasonably grasp renewable energy The pace of power construction.
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